Heart Health Foundation

Omega-3 has the strongest long-term cardiovascular evidence of any supplement. Higher doses (2-4 g/day) of EPA-dominant formulations have stronger trial outcomes than lower doses. Triglyceride reduction is dose-dependent and substantial. REDUCE-IT trial showed 25% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular events with high-dose EPA.^{[1, 2, 3]}

CoQ10 is critical for cardiomyocyte energy production. Endogenous levels decline with age and are depleted by statins. Q-SYMBIO trial showed reduced cardiovascular mortality in heart failure with CoQ10. Particularly relevant for adults 40+ and statin users.^{[4, 5, 6]}

Magnesium supports vascular smooth muscle relaxation, blood pressure, and arrhythmia prevention. Most adults under-consume magnesium. Observational studies link adequate magnesium intake with lower cardiovascular mortality.^{[7, 8]}

Vitamin K2 activates matrix Gla protein, which inhibits arterial calcification. Observational studies (Rotterdam Study) link higher K2 intake with reduced coronary calcification and cardiovascular mortality. Critical pairing with vitamin D — D without K2 may shift calcium into arteries.^{[9, 10, 11]}

Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid concentrated in cardiac tissue. Trials in heart failure show improvements in left ventricular function. The 2023 Science paper on age-related taurine decline and longevity in animal models generated significant interest, though long-term human longevity evidence is still preliminary. Treat as the most speculative item.^{[12, 13, 14]}