Clopidogrel Interactions

Ginkgo biloba inhibits platelet-activating factor and may add to clopidogrel's blockade of the platelet P2Y12 ADP receptor. While a healthy-volunteer study did not detect additive platelet inhibition, observational and case-report data link the combination to increased bleeding, including intracranial hemorrhage.

Garlic supplements, especially aged garlic extract, inhibit platelet aggregation through reduced thromboxane B2 and altered platelet membrane function. Combined with clopidogrel's P2Y12 blockade, this adds antiplatelet effect and can increase bleeding risk, particularly with concentrated supplement doses.