Hair Loss Support — Men

Saw palmetto modestly inhibits 5-alpha-reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) — the androgen most implicated in male pattern hair loss. Trials show modest improvements in hair density over 24 weeks, with smaller effect size than oral finasteride but a much better tolerability profile and no prescription requirement. Use a standardized extract.^{[1, 2, 3]}

Pumpkin seed oil has trial evidence for hair growth and density improvements in male pattern hair loss. The Cho 2014 trial showed a ~40% increase in hair count over 24 weeks at 400 mg/day. The mechanism appears to involve 5-alpha-reductase modulation similar to saw palmetto, plus phytosterols and zinc co-delivery. Sample sizes are still modest — treat the effect as real but not dramatic.^{[4, 5]}

Zinc is essential for hair follicle function and androgen metabolism. Observational studies show men with androgenetic alopecia have lower serum zinc than controls. Picolinate and bisglycinate forms are well-absorbed. Pair with copper if taking long-term (chronic high zinc depletes copper).^{[6, 7]}

Observational studies link low vitamin D status to male pattern hair loss severity. Causality is unproven, but correction of vitamin D deficiency is reasonable insurance. Test 25-OH vitamin D before supplementing; target 30-50 ng/mL. Fat-soluble; take with food.^{[8, 9]}

Biotin is dramatically over-recommended for hair loss in marketing. Trial evidence only supports supplementation in confirmed biotin deficiency, which is rare. Mega-doses (5000-10000 mcg) interfere with thyroid and cardiac lab assays — can cause false-low TSH and false-elevated troponin. Get biotin from a balanced multivitamin or B-complex.^{[10, 11]}