Northern Prickly Ash

botanical

At a glance

Best for
no use is supported by clinical evidence
Typical dose
no established or studied dose
Time to effect
Not established
Main caution
no safety or efficacy data from controlled trials
Evidence strength: Very low; traditional use only, no human trials

What is it

Northern prickly ash (Zanthoxylum americanum), sometimes called the 'toothache tree,' is a North American shrub whose bark has been used in traditional and herbal medicine. It was historically chewed for toothache (it produces a tingling, numbing sensation) and taken for circulation and digestive complaints. There is essentially no modern clinical trial evidence for any use.

Is it worth it for you?

Worth considering if…

  • You are specifically interested in traditional herbal use and accept there is no evidence

Probably skip if…

  • You want any evidence-based benefit
  • You are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • You take anticoagulants

Evidence at a glance

GoalEvidenceEffectBest fitTime
traditional use for toothache and oral discomfortMixedNot quantifiednone establishedNot established

Evidence for 1 use

AI-assisted evidence assessment — talk to your doctor before relying on any single supplement.

traditional use for toothache and oral discomfort

Mechanism only
Mixed

The bark contains alkylamides (such as related sanshool compounds) that produce a tingling, locally numbing sensation, which underlies its folk use for toothache. This is a plausible local sensory effect, but there are no controlled clinical trials evaluating pain relief, safety, or efficacy. The claim rests on tradition and chemistry, not trial data.

Effect size: Not quantified
Time to effect: Not established
Best fit: none established

Bottom line: Folk use for toothache is plausible chemically but has no clinical trial support.

How to take it

Typical dose
No standardized or studied dose; traditional preparations vary
Timing
Not established
With food
Not established
How long to try
Not established

What to track

  • Any irritation or GI upset
  • Whatever symptom is targeted

Safety

Common side effects

Mouth/throat tingling or numbness, Possible GI upset

Who should avoid it

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding people
  • People on anticoagulants
  • Anyone wanting evidence-based treatment

Pregnancy & breastfeeding

Avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding — no safety data and traditional cautions exist.

Interactions

Anticoagulants/antiplateletsMinor

Some Zanthoxylum constituents are theorized to affect platelets/coagulation; data are lacking.

Choosing a product

Look for

  • Correct species identification (Zanthoxylum americanum)
  • Named plant part (bark)
  • Third-party identity testing

Be skeptical of

  • Circulation, 'blood mover,' or detox claims
  • Any disease-treatment claims
  • Implied proven pain relief

Track Northern Prickly Ash with Pilora

Set up dose reminders, check interactions, and join the community in the Pilora iPhone app.

Coming to App Store
Evidence-based·Last reviewed May 30, 2026·Evidence current as of May 30, 2026·How we grade evidence

Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This page is educational, not a substitute for personalized medical advice. Evidence grades are AI-assisted assessments — talk to your doctor before starting any new supplement, especially if you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, on medications, or managing a chronic condition.