Andrographis paniculata

Botanical

What is it

Andrographis paniculata (also called green chiretta) is a herbaceous plant used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine, particularly for upper respiratory infections. The aerial parts contain andrographolides, the major bioactive compounds.

Evidence for 1 use

AI-assisted evidence assessment — talk to your doctor before relying on any single supplement.

Common cold / upper respiratory infection

Strong Evidence

Meta-analyses of RCTs show andrographis reduces symptom severity and shortens duration of upper respiratory infections when started early. Combination products (with eleuthero) have additional supporting trials.

How it works

Andrographolides modulate NF-kB and inflammatory cytokine signaling, have direct antiviral effects on several respiratory viruses in cell models, and may stimulate immune cell activity. The herb is one of the more clinically studied herbs for the common cold. Meta-analyses of randomized trials suggest meaningful reductions in cold/flu duration and severity, particularly when started within the first 72 hours of symptoms.

Dosage

RCTs for upper respiratory infection typically use 200-1200 mg of standardized extract daily, divided into 2-3 doses, standardized to 4-6% andrographolides. Acute use is typically 5-7 days.

When and how to take it

WHEN: At onset of cold/flu symptoms, 2-3 times daily for 5-7 days. HOW: With water; food may reduce nausea.

2 commercial forms

Compare the main delivery options and what they’re best suited for.

Standardized extract (KalmCold, ParActin)

Most-studied form.

Standardized to andrographolide content for consistent dosing.

Whole herb powder

Traditional form.

Variable andrographolide content.

Safety

Generally well tolerated short-term. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, and fatigue. Rare reports of allergic reactions, elevated liver enzymes, and male fertility effects in animal studies.

Who should be cautious

Avoid during pregnancy (traditional contraindication and potential fertility effects) and breastfeeding. Use cautiously with autoimmune conditions, bleeding disorders, and before surgery. Discuss with clinician if on prescription medications.

Interactions

May enhance effects of anticoagulants and antiplatelets. May lower blood pressure when combined with antihypertensives. Theoretical interaction with immunosuppressants.

Frequently asked questions

When should I start taking andrographis for a cold?⌄

As early as possible after symptom onset, ideally within 24-72 hours.

References

Andrographis paniculata on Wikidata — Wikidata link

Andrographis paniculata on NIH DSLD (US supplement label database) — NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database link

Research on Andrographis paniculata (PubMed search) — PubMed link

Track Andrographis paniculata with Pilora

Set up dose reminders, check interactions, and join the community in the Pilora iPhone app.

Coming to App Store
Evidence-based·How we grade evidence

Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This page is educational, not a substitute for personalized medical advice. Evidence grades are AI-assisted assessments — talk to your doctor before starting any new supplement, especially if you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, on medications, or managing a chronic condition.