vasodilation
3 interactions related to vasodilation
l-arginine + l-citrulline
L-arginine is the direct precursor to nitric oxide but is heavily degraded by intestinal arginase and first-pass hepatic metabolism. L-citrulline bypasses this metabolism and is converted to L-arginine in the kidneys, sustaining elevated plasma arginine for hours rather than minutes when the two are combined.
citrulline + arginine
Oral arginine has poor bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Citrulline bypasses the liver and is converted to arginine in the kidneys, sustaining elevated plasma arginine. Combined oral dosing produces a faster and higher plasma arginine peak than either alone, increasing nitric oxide synthesis.
nicotine + adenosine
Nicotine produces sympathomimetic cardiovascular effects (increased heart rate, blood pressure, peripheral vasoconstriction) and disrupts adenosine A2A receptor-mediated reflex cardiac control, which can blunt or interfere with the diagnostic and therapeutic actions of intravenous adenosine used for supraventricular tachycardia or cardiac stress testing.