heart rate

5 interactions related to heart rate

alcohol + propranolol

Alcohol and propranolol can produce additive hypotension, dizziness, and sedation through combined vasodilation and central nervous system depression; propranolol also masks the warning symptoms of low blood sugar and rapid heart rate. Chronic heavy drinking induces hepatic enzymes and can reduce propranolol effectiveness.

moderate
alcoholpropranololbeta blockerhypotensiondizzinessinderalblood pressureheart rate

caffeine + propranolol

Caffeine raises systemic vascular resistance and heart rate, partially opposing propranolol's blood-pressure and heart-rate lowering effects. High caffeine intake can also worsen tremor and anxiety that propranolol is prescribed to treat.

low
caffeinepropranololbeta blockerhypertensionanxietytremorheart rateblood pressure

smoking + propranolol

Cigarette smoking induces hepatic metabolism of propranolol via CYP1A2 and accelerated glucuronidation, increasing apparent oral clearance and reducing propranolol plasma concentrations in smokers compared with non-smokers. Nicotine also independently raises heart rate, blood pressure, and circulating catecholamines, partially counteracting propranolol's beta-blocking effect.

moderate
smokingpropranololbeta-blockercyp1a2hypertensiontobaccodrug interactionheart ratesmoking cessation

coffee + propranolol

Caffeine in coffee acutely raises heart rate and blood pressure, which can counteract the heart-rate and blood-pressure-lowering effects of propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker. Propranolol may also slow caffeine clearance modestly, increasing caffeine exposure.

moderate
coffeepropranololbeta blockercaffeinehypertensionheart rateblood pressuredrug interaction

nicotine + adenosine

Nicotine produces sympathomimetic cardiovascular effects (increased heart rate, blood pressure, peripheral vasoconstriction) and disrupts adenosine A2A receptor-mediated reflex cardiac control, which can blunt or interfere with the diagnostic and therapeutic actions of intravenous adenosine used for supraventricular tachycardia or cardiac stress testing.

low
nicotineadenosinesmokingcardiac arrhythmiastress testa2a receptorvasodilationheart ratetachycardiacardiovascular