estrogen
2 interactions related to estrogen
estrogen + dong quai
Dong quai (Angelica sinensis) shows estrogen-agonist activity in laboratory studies and can stimulate the growth of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells in cell and animal models. Taken alongside prescribed estrogen, it adds an extra, unmeasured estrogenic signal in hormone-sensitive tissues. Dong quai also contains coumarin compounds that can add to bleeding risk, with one case report describing potentiation of warfarin.
estrogendong quaiangelica sinensishormone replacementphytoestrogenbreast cancermenopauseherbal interaction
smoking + oral contraceptives
Combining cigarette smoking with combined (estrogen-containing) oral contraceptives raises the risk of heart attack, stroke, and blood clots more than either exposure alone, especially after age 35 and with heavier smoking.
smokingoral contraceptivesbirth controlcardiovascularthrombosisstrokemyocardial infarctionestrogencontraindicationwomen's health