dairy
4 interactions related to dairy
tetracycline + calcium
Calcium binds tightly to tetracycline in the gut, forming an insoluble chelate that cannot be absorbed. Dairy products and calcium supplements can reduce tetracycline absorption by 50 to 90 percent, often dropping serum levels below the threshold needed to treat infection.
dairy + digoxin
Dairy products contribute calcium that, when combined with intravenous calcium or high oral loads, can potentiate digoxin's effects on the heart and increase the risk of arrhythmias. Dietary fiber and milk proteins may also modestly reduce digoxin absorption from oral capsules and tablets.
doxycycline + calcium
Calcium chelates doxycycline in the gut, forming an insoluble complex that cannot be absorbed. Co-administration with calcium supplements or dairy products can reduce doxycycline absorption by 50 to 80 percent.
dairy + fluoroquinolones
Calcium and magnesium in dairy products chelate with fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin) in the gut, forming insoluble complexes that the body cannot absorb. Co-ingestion can reduce fluoroquinolone bioavailability by 30-50%, potentially causing treatment failure.