copd
2 interactions related to copd
caffeine + theophylline
Caffeine and theophylline are closely related methylxanthines that share the CYP1A2 metabolic pathway and compete for the same adenosine receptors. Concurrent use can raise theophylline levels and add pharmacodynamically to cause tachycardia, tremor, nausea, seizures or arrhythmias.
caffeinetheophyllinemethylxanthineasthmacopdcyp1a2narrow therapeutic indextoxicity
smoking + theophylline
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke induce CYP1A2, increasing theophylline clearance by 58-100% and shortening its half-life by roughly 63%. Smokers often need 1.5-2 times the usual theophylline dose, and abrupt cessation can rapidly produce toxic levels.
smokingtheophyllinecyp1a2asthmacopddrug interactiontobaccosmoking cessationnarrow therapeutic window