antioxidant
16 interactions related to antioxidant
coq10 + pqq
CoQ10 shuttles electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain to produce ATP, while PQQ activates PGC-1alpha to stimulate the biogenesis of new mitochondria. Used together they support both the quantity and efficiency of cellular energy production.
vitamin e + vitamin c
Vitamin C regenerates the active form of vitamin E by donating an electron to the tocopheroxyl radical that forms after vitamin E scavenges a lipid free radical. The pair extends antioxidant capacity at the lipid-water interface of cell membranes.
acetyl-l-carnitine + alpha-lipoic acid
Acetyl-L-carnitine shuttles fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production while alpha-lipoic acid acts as a mitochondrial antioxidant and cofactor for energy-producing enzymes; in aged animal studies, the combination reversed mitochondrial decay and improved memory more than either alone.
glutathione + vitamin c
Vitamin C reduces oxidized glutathione (GSSG) back to reduced glutathione (GSH) via the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, while glutathione in turn regenerates oxidized vitamin C (dehydroascorbate) back to ascorbate. The two antioxidants mutually recycle each other and maintain cellular redox balance.
nac + vitamin c
NAC supplies cysteine for glutathione synthesis while vitamin C reduces oxidized glutathione (GSSG) back to its active form (GSH) and directly scavenges aqueous-phase free radicals. The two work together to maintain a high GSH:GSSG ratio inside cells.
milk thistle + alpha-lipoic acid
Silymarin from milk thistle stabilizes hepatocyte membranes and inhibits toxin uptake while alpha-lipoic acid regenerates intracellular glutathione and recycles vitamins C and E. Their hepatoprotective mechanisms are complementary rather than overlapping.
nac + selenium
NAC supplies cysteine for glutathione synthesis while selenium is the obligate cofactor in glutathione peroxidase enzymes, which use glutathione to neutralize peroxides. Without adequate selenium, the glutathione that NAC helps produce cannot be fully utilized in peroxide detoxification.
zinc + vitamin c
Zinc supports innate and adaptive immunity (T-cell maturation, NK-cell function) and inhibits rhinovirus replication; vitamin C supports leukocyte function and skin/mucosal barriers as an antioxidant cofactor. Together they shorten the duration and reduce the severity of upper-respiratory infections.
omega-3 + vitamin e
Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) are polyunsaturated and highly susceptible to oxidation, which can blunt their cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory benefits. Vitamin E (mixed tocopherols) acts as a lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects omega-3 fatty acids from peroxidation both during storage and after absorption.
resveratrol + quercetin
Quercetin inhibits the sulfotransferase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes that rapidly clear resveratrol, prolonging its plasma half-life and free fraction. The two polyphenols also act synergistically on antioxidant and SIRT1-related longevity pathways in cell and animal studies.
smoking + vitamin c
Smoking increases oxidative stress and accelerates the metabolic turnover of vitamin C, lowering plasma and leukocyte ascorbic acid levels. The NIH Food and Nutrition Board officially recommends that smokers consume an additional 35 mg of vitamin C daily above the standard RDA.
nac + glutathione
NAC (N-acetylcysteine) provides the rate-limiting cysteine substrate the body uses to synthesize new glutathione intracellularly, while supplemental glutathione directly replenishes the circulating and extracellular pool. The two work through complementary upstream-and-downstream mechanisms to support antioxidant defense and phase II liver detoxification.
vitamin c + quercetin
Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activity; vitamin C 'recycles' oxidized quercetin back to its active form, prolonging its effect and preventing prooxidant byproducts. The combination has been studied for immune support and antiviral effects.
curcumin + quercetin
Quercetin inhibits the same UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and CYP3A4 enzymes that rapidly metabolize curcumin, raising its plasma exposure, and both polyphenols share complementary anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. In vitro intestinal models and animal studies show the combination increases apical-to-basal uptake of curcumin and amplifies NF-kB pathway suppression.
alcohol + nac
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a glutathione precursor that supports the liver's primary antioxidant defense against acetaldehyde — the toxic intermediate of alcohol metabolism. Animal studies and small human trials show NAC reduces alcohol-induced oxidative stress and may modestly reduce hangover symptoms, though it does not prevent liver damage from heavy drinking.
vitamin e + selenium
Vitamin E and selenium work as complementary antioxidants. Selenium is the cofactor for glutathione peroxidase, which clears lipid peroxides, sparing vitamin E. Vitamin E in turn prevents lipid peroxidation, reducing demand on the selenium-dependent enzyme.