antifungal
4 interactions related to antifungal
itraconazole + grapefruit
Grapefruit juice has been shown in healthy-volunteer studies to reduce itraconazole capsule peak concentrations by roughly 35 percent and overall AUC by about 43 percent, likely through changes in gastric pH and intestinal effects that impair the capsule's absorption.
ketoconazole + st. john's wort
St. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein via PXR activation, which can accelerate the metabolism of ketoconazole and reduce its antifungal blood concentrations and clinical effectiveness.
fluconazole + grapefruit
Fluconazole is a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 and grapefruit juice inhibits intestinal CYP3A4; the inhibition is additive, which can raise plasma levels of any third drug that depends on CYP3A4 for clearance.
ketoconazole + calcium
Calcium carbonate antacids raise gastric pH above the threshold that ketoconazole needs to dissolve, reducing oral ketoconazole absorption and lowering antifungal blood concentrations.